Sets national tone
Designating a day as a federal holiday signals its civic importance and often prompts states, schools, and private employers to follow suit, even though they aren't required to.
In plain English
When the nation pauses together.
It's an official day off recognized by the U.S. government, but it mainly applies to federal workers — private businesses can choose whether to observe it.
Simple example
Juneteenth National Independence Day became the 11th federal holiday when President Joe Biden signed it into law on June 17, 2021.
Why it matters
What the term actually changes.
Affects workers unevenly
Federal employees and bank workers get the day off, but hourly and private-sector workers may still have to work, which can shape who benefits from the holiday.
How it works
The mechanics, in practice.
Created by Congress
Federal holidays are established by an act of Congress and signed into law by the president, then codified in Title 5 of the U.S. Code.
Limited legal reach
Federal law closes federal offices and gives federal workers paid leave, but states and private employers independently decide whether to observe the day.
Related guide
Should Election Day be a federal holiday?
A look at the proposal to add Election Day to the federal holiday calendar, and the arguments on both sides.
Read the guide → Related issue brief
Should Election Day be a federal holiday?
Proposals to designate the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November as a federal holiday have drawn both broad public support and persistent opposition in Congress.
Read the brief →You’ve learned the term. Now vote.
Should Election Day be a federal holiday?
Live results — 117 voters
Anonymous · one vote per person